Method of producing metal working tools



Patented July 12, 1932 iIUNlTED'- STATES PATENT OFFICE LEROY E. MoNosMI'rII, OE ROCREORD, ILLINOIS, AssIGNOR To THE INGERsOLL MILLING MACHINE coMrANY, OE ROOEFORD, ILLINOIS, A CORPORAE'ION OE ILLINOIS l METHOD OE PRODUOING METAL WORKING TOOLS. I

Original application filedV May 3, 1930, Serial No. 449,422. Divided and this applicationled January 2,

1931.k Serial No. 506,207.l

This application is a division of Vapplication, SerialNo. 449,422, led May 3, 1980.

The present invention relates in general to metalworking tools and has particular reference to that type of tool in which one or more inserted cutter teeth are rigidly and detachably secured in a rotary head, bar or the like mounting. f

The application of the invention in the present instance is shown in connection with a milling Vcutter of the face mill type. Frequently these cutters are referred to in trade Vas cone head cutters due to the frustum shape of the head. In cutters of this type the cutting edges ofthe teeth are presented transversely to the aXis of rotation of the head in which the cutters are mounted. This means considerable end thrust is imposed On the teeth and as a'result special provision must be made to rigidlyhold the teeth against movement in the direction of the thrust. -V

One diiculty in seeking a practical solution of the diiiiculties involved in the production of these types of cutters is concerned primarily in holding'the teeth in an openended slot and kat the same time allowing for adjustment of the teeth in a direction parallel with the axis of the head. Many solutions have been suggested such as interlocking the 'teeth in the head slots by the use of serrations,

sometimes formed in the walls of the head slots and in theteeth themselves. In other instances, the use of shoes, keys and the like accessories have been employed. The use of such accessories is not to be tolerated if it is at all possible to get along without them because they add to the cost of production and are theoretically wrong. One of the important objects of the present invention is to provide means such as serrations or the like for interlocking the teeth in the slots of the head and to place these serrations in the base of the slot where they are most needed, without the aid of such accessories as shoes, keys or the like.

Brieiiy, the salient feature of the invention resides in a method of providing serrations in the base of a tooth slot in a milling cutter or the like head with the serrations extending at an angle to the longitudinal aXis of the slot and to equipthe cutter tooth with serrations on its underside to interlock with the serrations thus provided for in'the base ofthe slot.

It is not uncommon to cut serrations in the* base of a slot in a milling cutter head when the serrations extend longitudinally or parallel withthe axis of the head but to produce these serrations crosswise in therslot is entirely a different matter. It is only after exercising considerable inventive ingenuity that it has been possible to devise afmethod of producingthe serrations in the' base ofthe slot crosswise to the axis of the head. `The method of reducing the invention to practice is also a salient feature of the invention and one of its important objects. y l While the foregoing statement is indicative in a general way of the nature of the in-l vention other objects and advantages will be apparent upon a full Vunderstanding of the construction and co-operative relationship'of the several parts of the tool; f

Two forms of the invention are presented herein b-y way of exempliii'cation but it will of course be understood thatv the invention is susceptible of embodiment in stillv other structural modified forms lwithout depart-l ing from the spirit of the invention as defined in the sub-joined claim.` Y

In the accompanying drawing: Fig. y1 is a perspective view of an inserted tooth milling cutter embodying the invention; f Y fr Fig. 2 is a detailed view vin perspective of a portion lof aV milling cutter embodying the invention; J

Fig. 3 is a detailed view insection of la portion 'of a milling cutter assembly illustrating the application of the invention;

Fig. 4 is a section taken'on the linel 1-'4, Fig. 3; and Fig. 5 is a detailed view in section of a modified form of the invention. f

Referring now to the drawing in detaihthe part 5 represents a body portion orother mounting and for convenience will be referred to as a head. The head 5 is slotted at spaced intervals around rvthe' periphery thereof for the reception of the cutter teeth 6. As shown to best advantage in Fig. 1 the slots for the teeth 6 are open at both ends and the top. In this type of tool thecutting edges of the teeth are on the ends thereof substantially transverse to the axis of the head. It therefore follows that the thrust on the teeth during a cutting operation is in a direction substantially parallel to the axis of the head. It is, of course, Vunderstood in the type of cutter which has been `selected for illustration that the head is approximately cone-shape so that thel teeth are mounted with a rake or in other words at an obtuse angle to the axis of the head.

To rigidly and releasably hold the teeth in the slots and to ,avoid any possible movement of the teeth due to end thrust the teeth are interlocked in the slots and they are alsoA either clamped or wedged in place.. T o elfectthis interlocking engagement the base of the slots are serrated as at and mating serrations 8 are provided on the underside ofthe teeth. The serrations 7,in the base of the vslots aro preferably formed as a result of a milling operation. The tool used being such as to produce a serrated median groove in the base of the slot which will leave shoulders or Hat surfaces 9 and 10 on opposite sides of the serrations. An arbor milling cutter willv serve satisfactorily for producing the serrations. In using the same thehead may be mounted on a turret or other revolvable mounting parallel with the longitudinal axis of the cutter so that it may be turned to bring the slots successively, into registry with the cutter. When a slot is thus in registry with the cutter relative movementof the head and cutter radially of the axis of the head will result in bringing the base of the slot and the cutter into position to cut the serrations. When the serrations have thus been cut in one slot the cutter maybe moved out of the slot, or else the head may be moved away from the cutter, to leave the head free for turning movement to present the next slot in registry with the cutter. In producing the companion serrations 8 on the underside of the teeth a similar tool isused but a form cutter is rst used to leave a rib on the underside ofthe tooth and the rib is then serrated and this will leave flat surfaces 11 and 12 on opposite sides of the serrations 8 corresponding to the flat surfaces 9 and 10 inthe base of the slot. The serrations 8 on the-teeth are not deep enough to extend to the root'of the serrations 7 and as a result the surfaces 11 and 12 on the teeth have a complete bearing on the shoulders 9 and 10 which of course is quite desirable as it adds to the rigidity of the assembly. To hold the teeth in the slots a wedge 13 may be employed for each tooth with a set screw 14 holding the vwedge against displacement or else the clampthreaded a bolt 16. The bolt is inserted through an opening 17 in the body or head 5 and the bolt is made with a head18 to accommodate a wrench and also a flange 19 which seats against the bevel seat 20. f Each of the clampsl 15 straddle two teeth and in this way each tooth has the benefit of twoclamps. K Y y The periphery of the head 5 is notched out as at 21 to accommodate the increased thickness of the clamps which is necessary to make it conform to the curvature of the body and to produce the required pressure on two teeth atthe same time. Fromthe above it will be seen that the present invention contemplates a practical method of producing serrations in the base of a milling cutter tooth slot with the serrations eXtendingc-rosswise which is quite an improvement over the use of inserted keys and shoes which have always been required to realize cross serrations.

Aside fromA the rigid interlock serrations provide the adjustability of the assembly is an important feature as it allows the teeth to be advanced to compensate for grinding wear.

Application, identified and of which this case 1s a division covers the construction of cutter produced by the present method and the present case covers the method employed. 1

Having thus described and shown an embodiment of the invention, Vwhat I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

The hereindescribed method of producing inserted tooth milling cutters, which consists in forming slots at spaced intervals around the periphery of the cutter head, and thereafter milling the base of each slot to produce serrated median grooves in the base of the slots with the serrations thereof extending at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the slots and with ledge like shoulders on opposite sides of the serrations;

Signed at Rockford, in the county of Winnebago, and State of Illinois, this 31 day of December, 1930. Y f

n LEROY B. ,MONOSMITII ing blocks 15 may be used. These members -v l are made with a tappedhole'into which is which 'the Serial No. 449,422, previously icc 

